Formal Sciences
Abstract structures for reasoning, quantity, computation, information, data, and complex systems.
Logic
Reasoning, inference, truth, and proof.
Mathematics
Structure, patterns, quantity, space, and change.
Information Science
Study how information is represented, measured, organized, described, preserved, retrieved, related, evaluated, and used across technical and human information systems.
Computer Science
Algorithms, systems, software, and computation.
Data Science
Turn data into defensible descriptions, inferences, predictions, decisions, and communication through collection, wrangling, exploration, statistics, modeling, computation, evaluation, and responsible interpretation.
Systems Science
Study organized wholes through boundaries, stocks, flows, feedback, delays, interactions, networks, dynamics, emergence, adaptation, nonlinear behavior, and models that connect local mechanisms to system-level patterns.
Define objects, connect them, transform them, and prove what follows.
Four habits that recur across every formal discipline.
Strip away context to expose structure.
Make every object and rule precise.
Follow valid operations from what is known.
Check consistency, proof, or model behavior.