THE WATER CYCLE

Evaporation

Solar energy causes liquid water to turn into vapor.

METRIC:434,000 km³/yr

Fluid Dynamics

The physics of fluids in motion. Bernoulli's principle relates pressure, velocity, and elevation.

P+12ρv2+ρgh=constantP + \frac{1}{2}\rho v^2 + \rho gh = \text{constant}

Thermohaline Circulation

The "Global Conveyor Belt" driven by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline) gradients. It regulates Earth's climate.

WARM SURFACE
COLD DEEP

Molecular Properties

H₂O
DIPOLE MOMENT
1.85 Debye
HEAT CAPACITY
4.18 J/g°C