POLYGONS
& CIRCLES

From the stability of the Triangle to the perfection of the Circle. Understanding the properties of closed shapes is the key to measuring the world.

NATURE'S GEOMETRY
The Hexagon is the most
efficient shape in nature.
[Image of parts of a circle diagram]

The Infinite Limit

What happens when you add more sides to a polygon? The edges smooth out. The vertices blend together. Eventually, a Polygon becomes a Circle.

Shape Shifter

Triangle

3 (Triangle)∞ (Circle)
Sum of Angles180°
One Angle60.0°
r = 120 units

Shape Classification

Polygon

General

A closed plane figure made up of three or more line segments.

Regular Polygon

Classification

A polygon that is both equilateral (equal sides) and equiangular (equal angles).

Vertex

Anatomy

The point where two sides of a polygon meet.

Convex vs Concave

Classification

Convex: All vertices point outwards. Concave: At least one vertex points inwards ("caves in").

Chord

Circle

A segment whose endpoints lie on a circle. The diameter is the longest chord.

Tangent

Circle

A line that touches a circle at exactly one point. It is perpendicular to the radius at that point.